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方位名词（1）：上、下、里、外、前、后、左、右、东、南、西、北

单纯方位名词，表示带有参照点的方向或相对位置。These are simple nouns of locality, indicating a direction or position relative to a reference point.

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方位名词（2）：上边、下边、里边、外边、前边、后边、左边、右边、东边、南边、西边、北边

合成方位名词，表示处于上、下、里、外、前、后、左、右、东、南、西、北的位置或方向。These are compound nouns of locality, indicating a position or direction that points upward / downward / inward /outward / forward / backward / leftward / rightward / eastward / southward / westward / northward.

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能愿动词（1）：会

表示有能力做某事或有可能。表示做某事的能力时，强调通过学习得到某种能力。It indicates the ability or possibility to do something. When indicating the former meaning, it emphasizes the acquisition of a certain skill through learning.

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能愿动词（2）：能

表示有能力、有条件做某事，或在情理上、某种条件下允许做某事，强调条件允许。It indicates the ability or condition to do something or that something can be done within the bounds of reason or under certain circumstances, emphasizing that the condition permits.

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能愿动词（3）：想

表示希望、打算做某事的意愿，语气比“要”委婉。It indicates the subject’s hope or plan to do something. Its tone is milder than 要.

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能愿动词（4）：要

表示想做某事或想得到某物的希望或打算，语气比“想”强烈。It indicates the subject’s hope or plan to do or get something. Its tone is more affi rmative than 想.

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疑问代词（1）：多

用在疑问句中，后面加上形容词，询问程度或数量，例如年龄、时间、高度、长度、距离等。It is used in interrogative sentences, followed by an adjective, to ask about the degree or quantity such as age, time, height, length, distance, etc.

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疑问代词（2）：多少

用在疑问句中，询问数量，例如人数、价格年龄等。或者不清楚到底有多少的数量It is used in interrogative sentences to ask about the quantity, such as the number of people price, age, etc. The number is normally larger than 10 or totally unknown.

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疑问代词（3）：几

用在疑问句中，询问数量。一般用来询问“十”以下或说话人认为很少的数量。多用于口语。It is used in interrogative sentences to ask about the quantity. The number is normally smaller than 10 or is thought to be very small. It is usually used in spoken Chinese.

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疑问代词（4）：哪

“哪”在疑问句中，常跟量词连用，用来询问人或事物，表示要求在一群人或一类事物中加以确指。In interrogative sentences, 哪 is often used with a measure word to ask about someone or something requiring to identify the person or thing among several options.

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疑问代词（5）：哪儿、哪里

用在疑问向中，用来询问地点和处所。“哪儿”更常用于口语。They are used to ask about places and locations. 哪儿 is more often used in spoken Chinese.

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疑问代词（6）：哪些

用在疑问向中，用来对众多人或事物进行提问。It indicates a question that requires to choose a few people or things from a number of options.

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疑问代词（7）：什么

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疑问代词（8）：谁

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疑问代词（9）：怎么

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人称代词（1)：我、你、您、他、她

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人称代词（2)：我们、你们、他们、她们

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指示代词（1)：这、那

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指示代词（2）：这儿、那儿、这里、那里

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指示代词（3)：这些、那些